The Jewish Feast Days were given to Moses on Mount Sinai. They are days appointed by God for the Jewish people, but they have a great deal to do with the Christian Church.
As you can see from the chart, the days have been divided into Spring and Fall feast days. Starting with the Fall, the Jewish Passover (Pesach) celebrated the time when the angel of death passed over Jewish houses that were marked by the blood of lambs, while in Egyptian houses all their firstborns were killed. This caused Pharaoh to allow the Jewish people to leave Egypt.
Passover was prophetically filled on Good Friday with Jesus’ death on the cross. The Feast of Unleavened Bread (Chag HaMatzot} represents Jesus’ burial and the Feast of First Fruits (Bikkurim) has to do with His resurrection. Jesus is the first fruit of the resurrection. Those who believe in Him will follow.
Pentecost (Shavuot) celebrated the giving of the Law of Moses. It was also the prophetic fulfillment of the outpouring of the Holy Spirit when God would write His law on our hearts. This date also marks the beginning of the Church. Like Passover, Pentecost was a pilgrimage feast. Jews were required to make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. This helps explain why so many Jews from so many regions were present when the Holy Spirit was given.
Looking at the Fall feasts: Tabernacles (Sukkot). the last of the three pilgrimage feasts celebrate the gathering of the harvest and commemorates the miraculous protection God provided for the children of Israel when they left Egypt. The Jewish people would build temporary tabernacles or booths to live in, reminding them of the time when God lived with them and fed them in the wilderness. The millennial reign of Jesus may be the prophetic fulfillment of Tabernacles.
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